Although we may be quicker at completing redundant tasks, more time is wasted managing all our different apps and technologies-and more of us live in a near constant state of distraction.

Maintaining focus on the job is increasingly difficult in the era of social media, chat apps, games, and the ability to search anything at any time-whether related to the task at hand or not.

The same study showed that when an interruption is related to the primary task, it isn't a problem for the worker to maintain focus when the interruption ends. But when people have to "shift their cognitive resources" to a new task, it takes longer to remember where they were, refocus, and regain momentum.

Online multitasking

Another source of distraction that costs workers time and energy is task switching on their computers. A University of California, Irvine study found that people who work at their computers switch between applications about 400 times per day.

Tools and tips for increasing efficiency

If you must use a computer at work, to help minimise the temptation to check Facebook or random search, give ShotClock , a monotasking app a try-or Freedom , an app that blocks all digital distractions so you can focus on just what's in front of you.

Another tip is to batch email rather than reading and responding to messages continually. Sending email twice a day-once in the morning and again in the afternoon-will train people not to expect to hear from you instantly, creating more reasonable (and sane) expectations. For our own personal and collective wellbeing, no one can or should be available to work around the clock.

Perhaps most important of all, be sure to unplug and rest your mind each day. And be good to yourself by taking a health break each year. A week or two of time off, away from work email and other stress-inducing distractions, will do more to increase your productivity than any app.